Which method is effective in reducing vector populations associated with disease transmission?

Biological control is an effective method for reducing vector populations associated with disease transmission as it involves the use of natural predators, parasites, or pathogens to control the population of disease-carrying vectors. This approach offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, which can have harmful side effects on non-target species and the ecosystem. By leveraging the natural ecological dynamics, biological control can lead to long-term reductions in vector populations, ultimately decreasing the incidence of diseases spread by these organisms.

In contrast, regular cleaning can help to eliminate breeding sites or waste where vectors might thrive, yet it does not target the vector populations directly. Restricting food supplies may hinder vector reproduction or attractants, but it is less effective in the long run since it does not deal with the population dynamics. Finally, while the construction of barriers can physically prevent vectors from entering certain areas, it does not address the broader issue of vector population control. Thus, biological control stands out as the most effective method for reducing vector populations linked to disease transmission.