What is the main purpose of activated carbon in bottled water treatment units?

Activated carbon is primarily utilized in bottled water treatment units to remove tastes and odors. This is achieved through a process called adsorption, where contaminants or undesirable compounds adhere to the surface of the carbon particles. Activated carbon has a highly porous structure, which provides a large surface area for these substances to attach, effectively improving the overall quality and palatability of the water. While it can aid in the reduction of some organic contaminants, its most notable advantage is in enhancing the sensory attributes of water, making it more appealing to consumers.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary function of activated carbon. For example, while activated carbon can adsorb some bacteria and organic compounds, it is not specifically designed for the removal of harmful bacteria, which is typically achieved through filtration or disinfection processes. It does not contribute to improving the shelf life of water or enhancing its mineral content, as its role is focused largely on improving taste and smell rather than altering chemical compositions or preserving water for extended periods.