Spores of which bacterium are considered the most heat resistant?

The spores of Clostridium botulinum are recognized as the most heat-resistant among the choices provided. This bacterium is known for its ability to produce spores that can survive extreme temperatures, making it a significant concern in food safety and preservation. The high heat resistance of these spores poses challenges in sterilization processes, particularly in canning and food production, where proper handling and cooking temperatures are crucial to prevent foodborne illnesses.

Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium perfringens do produce spores as well, but their heat resistance is generally less than that of Clostridium botulinum. Escherichia coli, while pathogenic in certain strains, does not form spores and is therefore not applicable in this context regarding heat resistance.

Understanding the characteristics of these different bacterial spores is essential for ensuring food safety and implementing effective sterilization methods.